10-15% (TA Market overview continued Industry trends Online and mobile Overview Business review Governance Financials Investors Ahold Delhaize Annual Report 2016 Consolidation There is a great deal of consolidation, in both the retail and consumer packaged goods industry, which is continuing to drive scale. This is especially apparent in the U.S., where companies are seeking scale advantages in sourcing and other areas. Another trend that is currently emerging is “vertical integration,” in which retailers acquire specific parts of the value chain to be able to innovate, be more transparent or lower their costs. Diversification There is much diversification taking place in terms of channels and formats in the retail industry. More and more, customers are doing their food shopping at multiple retail brands in multiple segments - they do not distinguish between formats, but just want to get their favorite products at the best possible price. Retailers are developing their formats in response to customer needs, leading to increased competition across additional formats. Customers are showing a preference for small formats that emphasize specialty products, urban locations and convenience, while discounters continue to grow by improving their offering and increasing their advertising. The convenience channel is growing at one of the fastest rates of all physical grocery channels. The total eCommerce market continues to expand, and is expected to grow by 10-15% each year through 2020 - and food eCommerce is expected to grow even more quickly. Online grocery has reached a tipping point as companies make it beyond the pilot stage and some start to become profitable. Traditional retailers are developing deeper relationships with third-party delivery services to help them keep up with the challenges of “last-mile” logistics. There is growing demand for same-day and instant delivery as customer expectations for convenience increase. Pure online companies are looking for physical touch points to connect with consumers, even launching store-based formats to enhance the convenience and customer service they can provide. The total eCommerce market is expected to grow by 10-15% each year through 2020

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